Texas Immigration Lawyer & Attorney : Kraft & Associates Law Firm : Visas, Green Card, Citizenship, Deportation : Dallas, Texas

Here's the latest update on the "border war" between Texas landowners and the federal government. The government is trying to get access to the private land in order to do surveying in advance of building a border fence or wall that would cut off many landowners from their primary water source - the Rio Grande. From the Dallas Morning News:

A federal judge has ordered Cameron County property owners to open their land to the government for border fence surveying, but not before he denied the government the right to take the land without a hearing.

U.S. District Judge Andrew Hanen in Brownsville ordered 10 landowners to comply with the government's request for access to their land for 180 days. Two others were near settlements with the government.

But Judge Hanen's order revealed he had denied a request from the federal government for a swift and private order like the one it received in a similar case in Eagle Pass. In filing its suit, the Justice Department asked Judge Hanen to rule immediately without participation from the landowners, a legal maneuver that is allowed in eminent domain cases.

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The Dallas Morning News ran an article today detailing a problem that I and many other interested people have been complaining about for quite some time -- the inexcusable delays in granting citizenship to qualified immigrant applicants. Some of us who are quick to attribute sinister motives to politicians note that a majority of new citizens vote Democratic, and the current administration is Republican. And of course this just happens to be an election year. So the fewer new citizens, the fewer votes for Democratic candidates? The article is well worth reading in full. Here are excerpts:

The unprecedented 1.4 million surge in U.S. citizenship applicants won't translate into an equal number of new voters come November's presidential election because of a processing backlog.

But U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services officials said Monday that the agency is hiring more staff and pressing the FBI for more efficient background checks and that delays of weeks just to open mail are behind them.

"Anytime we have a surge in citizenship, it is a good thing," said Emilio Gonzalez, director of the agency's Dallas office. "We are working as best we can."

Mr. Gonzalez and his agency have been assailed by critics who charge that the Republican administration wants to suppress the votes of new citizens likely to vote for a Democrat.

"If they don't have the opportunity to vote in this election, they will have many other opportunities to vote in other elections," Mr. Gonzalez said.

The processing delays vary from city to city, though the biggest backlogs are in Los Angeles, New York and Miami, said Mr. Gonzalez and Michael Aytes, associate director for the agency's domestic operations.

In Dallas, the backlog isn't as serious, with 30,000 applications pending in November, Mr. Aytes said. The number of applicants here increased 49 percent in the last fiscal year compared with the previous year. In San Bernardino, Calif., the increase was 1017 percent; in Los Angeles, 101 percent.

Just the same, Mr. Aytes acknowledged, some applications with checks enclosed had taken more than six weeks just to be opened, including some sent via Federal Express.

Some 57 percent of Hispanic registered voters call themselves Democrats or say they lean toward the Democratic Party, while 23 percent align with the Republican Party, according to a recent Pew Hispanic Center survey.

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U.S. companies wanting to bring foreign nationals into the United States to perform agricultural labor or services of a temporary or seasonal nature may do so by demonstrating that no U.S. worker is willing, able, qualified, and readily available to perform such service or labor. Under the H-2A program, a U.S. employer must conduct serious recruitment, such as placing a job opening with the State Workforce Agency, and advertising in a newspaper of general circulation in the area of employment. After the recruitment period establishes that there are no U.S. workers capable of performing such agricultural service, and that the employment of the foreign nationals will not adversely affect the wages and working conditions of similarly employed U.S. workers, the employer will file a labor certification with the Department of Labor (DOL).

Once the DOL grants the labor certification, a petition for the foreign national to perform the agricultural labor/services of a temporary or seasonal nature is filed with the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. An approved petition is then forwarded to the U.S. Consulate where the worker applied for the visa.

An H-2A visa is granted for up to a year and may be extended once for two years, for a maximum of three years. If you need more information regarding H-2A visas, please contact us at 214-999-9999.

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U.S. citizens wishing to adopt an orphan from a foreign country may do so after meeting certain requirements. The child must first meet the definition of orphan. A child, who is under the age of 16, is an orphan due to the death or disappearance, abandonment, separation or loss of both parents, or if only one parent, then the one parent is unable to provide the proper care and in writing irrevocably releases the child for adoption. INA Section 101(b)(1)(F).

To begin the process of adopting an orphan, the U.S. citizen parents must first file I-600A, which is the advanced processing application that permits adopting parents to file the orphan application. Essentially, this application will determine whether the prospective adoptive parents will provide a proper home environment, and will determine whether they are suitable as parents. The process consists of home study and fingerprint checks. Home study includes an analysis of the prospective parents' capabilities and living conditions.

Once the advanced processing application is approved, Form I-600 is filed with the Citizenship and Immigration Services (CIS). Form I-600 is the form filed for the classification of an orphan and is accompanied with the approval of the advanced processing application, the orphan's birth certificate, and evidence that the child is an orphan. Once CIS approves the I-600 Application, the application is then forwarded to the U.S. embassy in the country where the child resides. For orphan petitions, the U.S. citizen parents need only establish that the orphan is going to be adopted abroad, or coming to the U.S. for adoption. Once the child has been residing with his or her adoptive parents for two years, the parents may petition their child as an immediate relative so long as the child was adopted before his or her 16^th birthday.

To learn more about the orphan petition process, please contact us.

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Foreign nationals may obtain their green cards by marriage through a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident (LPR). If the marriage is less than two years old at the time residence is granted, the foreign national will receive conditional permanent resident status. Conditional residents and their spouses are required to remove those conditions two years after residency is granted by filing a Petition to Remove Conditions on Form I-751.

The most pressing question is whether divorce during the specified period affects the Petition to Remove Conditions. If the marriage falls apart during that two year window, it will be necessary to file for a waiver of the requirement that both spouses sign the petition.

However, the conditional resident requesting a waiver will have to show the marriage was entered into in good faith. In order to show the Immigration Service that the marriage was entered in good faith, the alien should provide documents such as birth certificates of the children, documents showing that the financial assets and liabilities were combined, and documents showing the length of time the parties lived together.

If you have questions regarding how to file a waiver of the requirement to file I-751 jointly, please call us.

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USCIS has released the latest application and receipting update:

USCIS Application and Receipting Update

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) advises customers that processing of fee payments and entry of cases into our tracking system remains behind schedule due to the tremendous increase in the number of applications filed. As a result, applicants are experiencing delays in receiving notices of receipt. USCIS is working hard to deal with the increased volume.

• Date Received in Mailroom - USCIS will honor the actual date that an application was received in our mailroom; this date will be indicated on the receipt (in the Received Date box) when Form I-797, Notice of Action, is mailed. You can see a sample Form I-797 under "Related Links" on this page. If your case is affected by the receipt delay, arrival of your receipt may take up to 12 weeks for adjustment-of-status applications and 15 weeks for naturalization and other applications.
• Weekly updates on Receipting - Until this situation is resolved, USCIS will provide these weekly updates on progress in issuing receipt notices to our customers. Additional information is available in Frequently Asked Questions, located under "Related Links" on this page.
• Applications Received Prior to Posted Receipting Dates - If your application was received by USCIS before the posted dates below and you still have no receipt, please contact USCIS Customer Service toll-free at 1-800-375-5283.

We appreciate your understanding.

IMPORTANT:

Contact Customer Service toll-free at 1-800-375-5283 for:

Change of Address - If you have submitted your application and are changing your address, but have not yet received your receipt. (If you have a receipt, you can report your change of address from our website, using USCIS' Change of Address Online.)

Unusual Delay - If you have not received a receipt within the timeframe indicated below for the Service Center where you filed your application.

As of January 4, 2008, USCIS had completed initial data entry and issued receipt notices for applications and petitions except for I-130s (Petition for Alien Relative) which are being receipted at the Chicago Lockbox facility, as noted below:

Chicago Lockbox (as of 1/18/08)

Form Number               Date Received

I-130                                 11/13/2007

All Other Forms                Current

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An article in the Houston Chronicle and a press release by the Department of Homeland Security both warn of border crossing delays to be caused by the new rules regarding identification requirements, effective January 31, 2008. Congress is wanting to delay the effective date of requiring passports, but Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff is warning against that. Here are excerpts from the Chronicle article and from the DHS press release:

Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff on Thursday said the Bush administration would press forward with plans to require passports for anyone crossing into the U.S. from Mexico or Canada -- despite a move by Congress that delays the mandate until June 2009.

"I want to get as close as possible to getting this implemented as I can during this president's term in office," Chertoff said, during a meeting with Hearst Corp. executives at the Hearst Tower in New York City.

At issue is the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative's requirement that travelers entering the U.S. by land or sea show passports or other approved documents to border officials.

The passport requirement became law in 2004 and was originally set to take effect this Jan. 1. But Congress has delayed the rule several times at the behest of border-state lawmakers who say the requirements are too cumbersome and would mean major changes for people accustomed to easily crossing the U.S.-Canada border to shop and work.

As part of a massive spending bill approved Wednesday -- and expected to be signed into law by President Bush -- members of Congress delayed the passport requirement until June 1, 2009, at the earliest.

Chertoff on Thursday lashed out at the lawmakers who pushed for the postponement and said they were more concerned about the bottom line of businesses than in keeping the nation's borders secure.

Critics in Congress, including Rep. Louise Slaughter, D-N.Y., and Sen. Patrick J. Leahy, D-Vt., have complained that the passport requirement will cause major headaches for residents who live along the U.S.-Canada border and are accustomed to easily traveling between the two countries.

The Department of Homeland Security also is moving ahead with plans, effective next Jan. 31, that require U.S. travelers to show proof of citizenship, such as a birth certificate, and government-issued ID to enter the country, rather than relying on travelers' own statements that they are U.S. citizens.

Chertoff defended the passport requirement, saying it would streamline the assortment of documents that are now presented to border inspectors.

"It is impossible to expect our border inspectors to be able to verify that all of these different kinds of ID are genuine," Chertoff said. "The way to correct it is to reduce the number of documents (that can be used as identification at the border) and ultimately require that they have certain security features."

"Delaying this documentation requirement is keeping the door to illegal immigrants open," Chertoff said. "It is a little silly to spend a lot of money building a fence when you're kicking the door wide open and saying anybody can come in if they can wave a piece of paper that they can (easily counterfeit)."

DHS Ends Oral Declarations at Borders, Reminds Travelers of New Procedures on January 31

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Testimony before Congress this week on "Naturalization Delays, Causes, Consequences and Solutions" by Emilio T. Gonzalez, Director of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, contained bad news for applicants. Under the section titled "Where Does this Take Us?" Director Gonzalez said this:

This surge will have a serious impact on application processing times for the next couple of years. As a result, based on our response plan, most customers will wait much longer to have their applications completed. As we have reported, the average processing time for naturalization applications has increased from the current average of seven months or less to approximately 18 months. Family-based adjustment-of-status applications increased from the current average of six months or less to 12 months. Our two-year response plan will help us accomplish reducing processing times to six months by the third quarter of Fiscal Year 2010.

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CNN has written about the continuing saga of the Texas-Mexico border fence and the property owners denying the government access to their lands. This article discuss land owned by Eloisa Tamez. Here are excerpts:

Michael Chertoff, the Secretary of Homeland Security, said the fence will not be stopped by opponents like Tamez.

"Can we simply abandon an enterprise because it is a problem for a particular individual?" Chertoff told CNN. "I don't think I can accept that."

Chertoff believes a fence would curb the steady stream of illegal immigrants making their way across the border and lessen the flow of drugs. He also argues it will increase the safety of Border Patrol agents who have faced increasing violence.

The government wants to build 700 miles of fence along the Mexican border, including 370 miles of it by the end of this year. About 70 miles of fence is to be built in the Rio Grande Valley by year's end, if the government gets its way.

The Border Patrol has stepped up its efforts in the Rio Grande Valley with more lights, and sensors to pick up movement. A levee built along the river has a muddy road on top used by Border Patrol vehicles to patrol the area.

Richard Cortez, the mayor of the border town of McAllen, Texas, believes hiring more Border Patrol agents, deepening the Rio Grande River, and clearing its banks of tall vegetation would provide better border protection than the fence.

Cortez calls the fence "a multibillion dollar speed bump," which will slow, but not stop, illegal immigration.

"It is a false sense of security," he says. "America will not be safe. America will continue to waste resources on something that is not going to work."

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In this Internet era, individuals are now entering Internet chat rooms and meeting other individuals with similar interests. Often, the two individuals reside on different continents. Internet chatting often leads to more serious and frequent communication, and sometimes a relationship flourishes.

When a United States Citizen meets a foreign national, and a relationship develops with the individual, the couple will desire to unite their lives together. If the U.S. Citizen and his or her foreign national fiancé want to live their lives together in the United States, the U.S. citizen may petition for the fiancé to enter the US with a K-1 visa.

The K-1 visa allows the foreign national fiancé to enter the United States solely for the purpose of getting married to the U.S. citizen petitioner. Once the foreign national enters the United States, he or she must get married to the U.S. citizen within 90 days. Of course, the petitioner (US citizen) and beneficiary (fiancé) must meet certain requirements before applying for the visa.

The following requirements must be met in order to file a petition for the fiancé to enter the U.S. on a K-1 visa: The petitioner must be a U.S. citizen; the U.S. citizen must have met with the fiancé in person within the previous two years; both individuals must be legally free to marry; the fiancé must not have violated any U.S. immigration laws; the fiancé must not have a criminal record.

To learn more about the fiancé visas, please contact us at 214-999-9999.

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A foreign national who wishes to enter the United States "on business" must first obtain a B-1 visa from the U.S. Consulate or Embassy in his or her home country. The B-1 visa allows the foreign national to enter the United States temporarily for business. However, the business visitor is not authorized employment in the United States.

For example, if the purpose of the foreign national's planned travel is to meet with business associates, travel for a business convention or conference on specific dates, or settle or negotiate a contract, then a B-1 visa would be necessary. Since the purpose of the trip and visa is temporary in nature, the foreign national needs to establish there is no intention of abandoning his or her home country. Documentation must be presented to the consul establishing intent to return to the home country. An individuals should therefore provide sufficient ties to the home country -- such as an employment letter, financial connections, bank accounts, close family ties, copies of recent tax returns, copies of recent paycheck stubs, copies of mortgage, lease, or other documents demonstrating residence.

Please contact us to learn more about the B-1 visa.

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Citizens of Mexico or Canada may opt for a TN visa instead of being subject to the annual cap of the H-1B visa. The TN visas are similar to the H-1B visas in that the visa is designed for professionals that have attained the requisite education and experience. Examples include accountants, architects, hotel managers, dentists, librarians, engineers, doctors (who are in teaching and research positions), animal breeders, animal scientists, and management consultants. The pertinent occupations are listed in the regulations, and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), whereas the experience and education levels are specified in the regulations. There are a few cases where a degree is not required such as management consultants.

Although a TN visa is valid for one year, it may be renewed every year. It is vital to note that TN visas have a temporary intent requirement and the individual must have intent to return to his/her home country of Mexico or Canada. The process of submitting TN applications are different for Canadians and Mexicans. A Canadian citizen will present all documents and apply for TN status at any port of entry such as the airport. No visa is issued only an I-94 card. On the other hand, a Mexican citizen will apply for TN status at the U.S. Consulate.

If you are a citizen of Mexico or Canada and want more information on the Professional Nonimmigrant visa, please call us at 214-999-9999.

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Conservative columnist Linda Chavez has an interesting opinion piece in today's Dallas Morning News. She writes about the recently-passed immigration enforcement law in Arizona and reflects that the lack of use of the law indicates that citizens of Arizona understand they are better off with illegal immigrants than without them. Here are excerpts:

Arizona has been ground zero in the fight against illegal immigration - but a funny thing happened earlier this month when a new anti-illegal-immigrant state law went into effect. Nothing.

The law, one of the toughest in the nation, requires jurisdictions to investigate complaints by ordinary citizens against local businesses that may be employing illegal immigrants. But apparently most Arizonans have better things to worry about.

A new study by the conservative think tank Americas Majority Foundation ( www.amermaj.com) suggests a possible explanation why more Arizonans aren't rushing to run off illegal workers. It turns out that Arizonans may be better off - not worse - because of the presence of so many immigrants in the population.

States with the highest percentage of immigrants or the largest recent influx of immigrants - 19 "high immigrant jurisdictions" in all - are wealthier and have better employment numbers, and most boast better crime figures than those with fewer immigrants.

These statistics don't mean that illegal immigration is not a problem for many jurisdictions. Illegal immigrants do impose costs, including increased health care and education expenses. Ironically, one of the growing costs is for incarcerating illegal immigrants picked up in raids or for offenses that usually don't justify jail time.

These increases are a direct result of efforts to crack down on illegal immigration. And if states like Arizona decide to vigorously enforce their new laws, we can expect to see these costs go up without much, if any, offset in savings to those jurisdictions.

The immigration debate is likely to continue undeterred by the facts the Americas Majority Foundation has pulled together. But the overwhelming majority of Americans - two-thirds to three-fourths, according to most polls - have no wish to see most long-term illegal residents rounded up and sent home.

What they do want is a more concerted effort to secure the borders so the numbers don't keep increasing. Once we get this election year behind us, maybe the sound of silence emanating even from places like Arizona will finally be heard.

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A U.S employer (typically a university or hospital) that desires to employ a professor or researcher who is "outstanding" in an academic field may file an employment-based petition. To qualify as a "priority worker - outstanding professor or researcher," an individual must meet each of the following evidentiary requirements set out in 8 CFR §204.5(i)(3) and 8 CFR §204.5(g).

A.   Evidence that the individual is recognized internationally
       as outstanding in the academic field;

B.   Evidence that the alien has at least three years of experience in teaching
       and/or research in the academic field;

C.  Provide an offer of employment from a prospective U.S. employer;

D.  Evidence that the U.S. employer is able to pay the proffered wages to the
individual.

Under 8 CFR §204.5(i)(3)(i), evidence that the individual is recognized internationally as outstanding in the academic field shall consist of at least two of the following:

* receipt of major, international prizes, awards, and recognition for the individual's scholarly achievement;
* memberships in associations which require outstanding achievements;
* published material in professional publications written by others about the individual's work in the academic field;
* evidence of participation as the judge of the work of others in the same or an allied academic field;
* evidence of original or scientific or scholarly research contributions to the academic field which have received worldwide recognition in the field ; or
* evidence of authorship of scholarly books or articles (in scholarly journals with international circulation) in the academic field.

If a foreign national satisfies these requirements as set forth in the regulations, and upon approval of the petition, the foreign national will be able to adjust their status to a lawful permanent resident.  Please do not hesitate to call us at 214-999-9999 and learn more about the outstanding researcher process.

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This information is excerpted from the U.S. government's Social Security Administration Web site, and explains to non-citizens how they can legally obtain Social Security numbers. For more detailed information visit the SSA Web site.

How do I apply for a Social Security number and card?
In general, only noncitizens who have permission to work from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) can apply for a Social Security number. To apply for a Social Security number:

Complete an Application For A Social Security Card (Form SS-5); and show us original documents proving your: Immigration status; Work eligibility; Age; and Identity. Then, take your completed application and original documents to your local Social Security office.

Immigration status
To prove your U.S. immigration status, you must show us the current U.S. immigration document, I-94, Arrival/Departure Record, issued to you when you arrived in the United States. If you are an F-1 or M-1 student, you also must show us your I-20, Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status. If you are a J-1 or J-2 exchange visitor, you must show us your DS-2019, Certificate of Eligibility for Exchange Visitor Status.

Work eligibility
For most foreign workers, we only need to see your I-94, Arrival/Departure Record. Some foreign workers also must show their work permits from DHS (I-766 or I-688B). International students must present further documentation. For more information, see International Students And Social Security Numbers (Publication No. 05-10181).

What can you do if you need a number for tax purposes?
If you need a number for tax purposes and you are not authorized to work in the U.S., you can apply for an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Visit IRS in person or call the IRS toll-free number, 1-800-TAXFORM (1-800-829-3676), and request Form W-7, Application For An Individual Taxpayer Identification Number.

Do you need a number for other government services?
Lawfully admitted noncitizens can get many benefits and services without having a Social Security number. You do not need a number to purchase savings bonds, conduct business with a bank, register for school or apply for educational tests, obtain private health insurance, apply for school lunch programs or apply for subsidized housing.

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The following information is available on the Department of State's Web site.

Implemented on January 23, 2007, all individuals traveling by air between the United States and Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, and the Caribbean region are required to present a passport or other valid travel document to enter or re-enter the United States.

Beginning JANUARY 31, 2008, U.S. and Canadian citizens traveling by land and sea will need to present either a government-issued photo ID, such as a driver's license, plus proof of citizenship, such as a birth certificate or passport.

Please note the passport requirement does not apply to U.S. citizens traveling to or returning directly from a U.S. territory.  U.S. territories include:

* American Samoa
* Guam
* Northern Mariana Islands
* Puerto Rico
* Swains Island
* U.S. Virgin Islands

Due to the increase in passport applications, the effective dates of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative have been amended.  At a later date, to be determined, the departments will implement the full requirements of the land and sea phase of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative. The proposed rules require U.S. citizens entering the United States at sea or land ports of entry to have either a U.S. passport; a U.S. passport card; a trusted traveler card such as NEXUS, FAST, or SENTRI; a valid Merchant Mariner Document (MMD) when traveling in conjunction with official maritime business; or a valid U.S. Military identification card when traveling on official orders.  The expected date of implementation is Summer of 2008.

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From the February 2008 Visa Bulletin comes this sad and disappointing notice:

INDIA EMPLOYMENT SECOND PREFERENCE HAS BECOME "UNAVAILABLE"
   
Despite two retrogressions of the India Employment Second preference cut-off date, demand for numbers by CIS Offices for adjustment of status cases has remained extremely high in recent months.  As a result the annual limit for the India Employment Second preference category has been reached, and the category has become "unavailable" effective immediately.

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This is the latest information from USCIS about the current filing backlog:

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) advises customers that processing of fee payments and entry of cases into our tracking system remains behind schedule due to the tremendous increase in the number of applications filed. As a result, applicants are experiencing delays in receiving notices of receipt. USCIS is working hard to deal with the increased volume.

• Date Received in Mailroom - USCIS will honor the actual date that an application was received in our mailroom; this date will be indicated on the receipt (in the Received Date box) when Form I-797, Notice of Action, is mailed. You can see a sample Form I-797 under "Related Links" on this page. If your case is affected by the receipt delay, arrival of your receipt may take up to 12 weeks for adjustment-of-status applications and 15 weeks for naturalization and other applications.
• Weekly updates on Receipting - Until this situation is resolved, USCIS will provide these weekly updates on progress in issuing receipt notices to our customers. Additional information is available in Frequently Asked Questions, located under "Related Links" on this page.
• Applications Received Prior to Posted Receipting Dates - If your application was received by USCIS before the posted dates below and you still have no receipt, please contact USCIS Customer Service toll-free at 1-800-375-5283.

We appreciate your understanding.

IMPORTANT:

Contact Customer Service toll-free at 1-800-375-5283 for:

Change of Address - If you have submitted your application and are changing your address, but have not yet received your receipt. (If you have a receipt, you can report your change of address from our website, using USCIS' Change of Address Online.)

Unusual Delay - If you have not received a receipt within the timeframe indicated below for the Service Center where you filed your application.

As of December 31, 2007, USCIS has completed initial data entry and issued receipt notices for applications and petitions received on or before the dates indicated:

California Service Center

Form Number               Date Received

I-130*                              8/30/2007

All Other Forms             Current

*All I-130s received after the indicated date have been forwarded to USCIS Chicago Lockbox for data entry.

Nebraska Service Center

Form Number               Date Received

All Forms                        Current

Texas Service Center

Form Number               Date Received

N-400                             12/7/2007
All Other Forms              Current

Vermont Service Center

Form Number               Date Received

I-130*                                7/29/2007
N-400                             12/4/2007
All Other Forms              Current

*All I-130s received after the indicated date have been forwarded to USCIS Chicago Lockbox for data entry.

Chicago Lockbox (as of 1/8/08)

Form Number               Date Received

I-130                                 10/10/2007

All Other Forms                Current

Los Angeles Lockbox

Form Number               Date Received

All Forms                         Current

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The Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act was passed in 2000 creating the "U" nonimmigrant classification. The U visa is available for undocumented immigrants who have suffered substantial physical or mental abuse as a result of having been a victim of a criminal activity. The individual must demonstrate the following: he or she has information concerning the criminal activity; the law enforcement officials, prosecutors, judges, or other investigating authorities provided a certification indicating that the individual has been helpful, is being helpful or is likely to be helpful; the criminal activity must have violated the laws of the United States, or have occurred in the United States.

The victim of the criminal activity must file Form I-918, Petition for U Nonimmigrant Status, at the Vermont Service Center. To determine what qualifies as a violation of a criminal activity, guidance is provided by statute that the activity is in violation of a Federal, State or local criminal law. Examples include but are not limited to rape, torture, sexual exploitation, trafficking, incest, domestic violence, sexual assault, abusive sexual contact, prostitution, involuntary servitude, kidnapping, abduction, false imprisonment, murder, blackmail, and obstruction of justice. Along with the petition, the individual must provide evidence that he or she suffered direct and proximate harm as a result of the criminal activity. The evidence may include trial transcripts, court documents, police reports, news articles, affidavits, or orders of protection.

Until the final regulations are issued, individuals who demonstrate eligibility for U visas are granted interim relief. Following the grant of interim relief, the individual may apply for work authorization. After three years of being present in the United States, and for humanitarian grounds, the U visa holder may adjust his or her status.

To learn more about the U visa and its process, please contact us at 214-999-9999.

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H-1B visas are work visas that allow foreign nationals to temporarily work in the United States for a U.S. employer.  A U.S. employer may petition a foreign national under the H-1B classification that specifically applies to individuals in a "specialty occupation." A specialty occupation has three requirements. First, an individual must have a bachelor's degree or higher degree or its equivalent for the particular position. Second, the degree is common in the industry among similar organizations. Third, the employer normally requires a degree or equivalent; or the nature of the specific duties is so specialized and complex that knowledge required to perform the duties is usually associated with attainment of the degree. 

Individuals with H-1B visas are allowed to work in the United States for up to six years, but visas are granted in three year increments. In some cases, the H-1B visas may be extended for more than six years. If the individual is in the United States, a change of status to an H-1B is filed in the United States. If the individual is outside the United States, upon approval of the petition, the individual must apply for an H-1B visa at the U.S. consulate. There are only 65,000 H-1B visas issued per year. The fiscal year for 2008 reached its cap on the very first day cases were accepted for filing (April 1, 2007).

The beginning of the fiscal year for 2009 is October 1, 2008.  Employers may begin filing their petitions six months prior to the start date of employment but the individuals can not start their job until October 1.   

It is vital for those individuals wishing to work in the United States to begin preparing their H-1B paperwork before the cap is reached. Please call us at 214-999-9999 if you would like more information on beginning the H-1B process.

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Unfortunately for those employers who can't find U.S. citizen workers for non-agricultural temporary employment, the government has announced that the quota has already been reached for H-2B workers for the second half of fiscal year 2008. This means that no one else will be allowed to apply for jobs in the United States if the starting date of employment is before October 1, 2008.

This is further evidence that the artificial caps for H-1B and H-2B visas are long overdue for increases. The caps haven't changed in many years, despite the growth in the U.S. economy. Any employers hoping for worker visas for jobs beginning after October 1, 2008, better get ready to start the process.

Here is the announcement from USCIS:

--U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) announced today that it has received a sufficient number of petitions to reach the congressionally mandated H-2B cap for the second half of Fiscal Year 2008 (FY2008). USCIS is hereby notifying the public that January 2, 2008 is the "final receipt date" for new H-2B worker petitions requesting employment start dates prior to October 1, 2008. The "final receipt date" is the date on which USCIS determines that it has received enough cap-subject petitions to reach the limit of 33,000 H-2B workers for the second half of FY2008.

The cap was reached with existing totals for that day. USCIS will reject petitions for new H-2B workers seeking employment start dates prior to October 1, 2008 that arrive after January 2, 2008. USCIS will apply a computer-generated random selection process to all petitions which are subject to the cap and were received on January 2, 2008. USCIS will use this process to select the number of petitions needed to meet the cap. USCIS will reject, and return the fee, for all cap-subject petitions not randomly selected. Petitions for workers who are currently in H-2B status do not count towards the congressionally mandated bi-annual H-2B cap. USCIS will continue to process petitions filed to:

1. Extend the stay of a current H-2B worker in the United States;
2. Change the terms of employment for current H-2B workers and extend their stay; or
3. Allow current H-2B workers to change or add employers and extend their stay.

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The Washington Post reports today on the exceptional prominence of immigration in the campaigns of the Republican presidential hopefuls. Here are excerpts:

The imagery of the mailings is designed to pack a wallop: a Mexican flag fluttering above the Stars and Stripes, the Statue of Liberty presiding over a "Welcome Illegal Aliens" doormat, a Social Security card emblazoned with the name "Juan Doe," a U.S. passport proclaiming, "Only one candidate has a plan to STAMP out illegal immigration."

As Republican presidential candidates troll for votes, they have flooded mailboxes in Iowa and New Hampshire with such loaded images. Their campaigns have filled the airwaves, packed their Web sites and taunted their adversaries, proclaiming their concern over porous borders and accusing opponents of insufficient vigilance.

No issue has dominated the Republican presidential nomination fight the way illegal immigration has. Under consistent attack for inconsistent conservatism, former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney has turned to the issue again and again to shore up his conservative credentials. Former New York mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani, running as the law-and-order candidate, has been forced onto the defensive by immigration policies in his city.

And just days after he delivered a passionate defense of the humanity of undocumented children in a Republican debate, former Arkansas governor Mike Huckabee presented one of the most punitive immigration platforms seen in this campaign season, rejecting legislation to provide the children of illegal immigrants a path to citizenship if they finish high school, attend two years of college or join the military.

The strategy poses a real risk. As the rhetoric and the policy proposals have grown increasingly strident, the eventual nominee's ability to win Latino support in swing states such as Colorado, Arizona, Nevada and New Mexico may be coming increasingly into question.

Latino and other minority groups see racial codes in many of the words the Republican candidates have used -- for instance, "illegals" rather than "illegal immigrants." And hovering around the campaigns are far more strident figures and organizations. Immigration groups were taken aback when Huckabee accepted the endorsement of Jim Gilchrist, the founder of the border-security Minuteman Project, calling it "providential."

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